第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题3分，共60分）阅读下

更新 2022-09-03
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第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题3分，共60分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Not all memories are sweet. Some people spend all their lives trying to forget bad experiences. Violence and traffic accidents can leave people with terrible physical and emotional scars. Often they relive(重温) these experiences in nightmares.
Now American researchers think they are close to developing a pill, which will help people forget bad memories. The pill is designed to be taken immediately after a frightening experience. They hope it might reduce, or possibly erase the effect of painful memories.
In November, experts tested a drug on people in the US and France. The drug stops the body releasing chemicals that fix memories in the brain. So far the research had suggested that only the emotional effects of memories may be reduced, not that the memories are erased.
The research has caused a great deal of argument. Some think it is a bad idea, while others support it. Supporters say it could lead to pills that prevent or treat soldiers’ troubling memories after war.
They say that there are many people who suffer from terrible memories. “Some memories can ruin people’s lives. They come back to you when you don’t want to have them in a daydream or nightmare. They usually come with very painful emotions.” said Roger Pitman, a professor of psychiatry (精神病学) at Harvard Medical School. "This could relieve(减缓) a lot of that suffering.”
But those who are against the research say that changing memories is very dangerous because memories give us our identity. They also help us all avoid the mistakes of the past. “All of us can think of bad events in our lives that were horrible at the time but make us who we are. I'm not sure we’d want to wipe those memories out.” said Rebecca Dresser, a medical ethicist (伦理学家).
Some people fear that although the drug would first be used in only very serious cases, it would become more and more common.“People always have the ability to misuse science,” said Joseph LeDoux, a New York University memory researcher. “All we want to do is help people have better control of memories.”
56. The underlined word “it” in paragraph 4 refers to “_____.”
A. the new drug                      B. the research into the drug
C. the memory                        D. the chemical in the drug
57. Which of the following is Not the opinion of the supporters?
A.The pill can erase all the memories in the past.
B.Some memories can ruin people's life. The pill can relieve emotional suffering.
C. The pill can also help many other types of people who suffer from terrible memories.
D. The pill can prevent or treat troubling memories in soldiers after war.
58. Which of the following is Not the opinion of the opponents (反对者) ?
A. Our memories give us our identity.
B. The memories help humanity avoid mistakes of the past.
C. The drug should be used in only very serious cases.
D. People may not be sure whether they want to wipe the memories out.
59. Which of the following statements might be the main idea of the text?
A. People often suffer from bad memories.
B. The nightmares are terrible.
C. Forget bad memories and be happy.
D. The research has caused a heated argument.

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Grand Opening
Bentwood Truck Museum
Saturday, November 8 at 10:00 A．M．
After eighteen months of hard work by more than 100 volunteers, the Bentwood Truck Museum is ready to open．The old factory had been scheduled to be destroyed．When Roger Haygood heard about the plans to tear down the building, he bought it so that he could store his collection of old trucks there．Then he had the idea of turning the building into a truck museum．
During the past year and a half, the old building has been transformed into a treasure chest of memories．Instead of a dark and dull house, the building has become a cheery, bright home for all kinds of trucks from the past．The museum now houses 68 trucks, and we hope to have even more soon．There is a 1959 school bus, a 1942 bakery truck, and a 1937 fire engine．Our oldest vehicle is a 1919 milk truck．Our newest vehicle is a 1966 tow truck．
You can take a ride on a fire truck, a mail truck, or an ice - cream truck．Rides are $ 2．00, but you can get a ticket for a free ride at any grocery store in Bentwood．
Help us celebrate our grand opening by bringing your family and friends! There is something to interest everyone who attends．The Bentwood Truck Museum is a special piece of our history．
● To get to Bentwood Truck Museum, take Route 29 (Kingston Highway) to Palmer Street．
● Go south on Palmer Street for one block and take a left onto Norman Drive．
● You will see the museum building and the amusement park on your left．
● Parking is available across the street, on your right．
72．In which of the following can visitors take a ride?
A．A milk truck．                     B．An ice - cream truck．
C．A bakery truck．                     D．A school bus．
73．Where is Bentwood Truck Museum?
A．On Norman Drive．                B．On Palmer Street．
C．On Kingston Highway．              D．On Route 29．
74．What is special about this museum?
A．It is built on the ruins of an old building.
B．It offers visitors free rides to the museum.
C．It exhibits trucks dating back to 200 years ago.
D．It’s transformed from an old factory by volunteers.
75．What’s the purpose of writing this passage?
A．To introduce the old history of Bentwood Truck Museum．
B．To persuade readers to attend the opening of the museum．
C．To explain why Bentwood Truck Museum was set up．
D．To call on the visitors to take a ride in old trucks．

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The ocean bottom, a region nearly 2．5 times greater than the total land area of the Earth, is even today largely unexplored．Until about a century ago, the deep-ocean floor was completely inaccessible and hidden beneath waters averaging over 3,600 meters deep．Totally without light and subjected to intense pressures hundreds of times greater than at the Earth’s surface, the deep-ocean bottom is a strangeenvironment to humans, in some ways as forbidding and remote as the outer space．
Although researchers have taken samples of deep-ocean rocks for over a century, the first detailed global study of the ocean bottom did not actually start until 1969, with the beginning of the National Science Foundation’s Deep Sea Drilling Project(DSDP)．Using techniques first developed for the offshore oil and gas industry, the DSDP’ s drill ship, the Glomar Challenger, was able to maintain a steady position on the ocean’s surface and drill in very deep waters, taking samples of rock from the ocean floor．
The Glomar Challenger completed 96 voyages in a 15-year research program that ended in November 1983．During this time, it sailed 600,000 kilometers and took almost 20,000 samples of rocks aroun d the world．Those samples have allowed geologists to reconstruct what the planet looked like hundreds of millions of years ago and to make out what it will probably look like millions of years in the fu ture, Today, largely on the strength of evidence gathered during the Glomar Challenger’ s voyages, nearly all earth scientists agree on the theories of plate tectonics （构造学）and continental drift that explain many of the geological processes．
The samples of rocks drilled by the Glomar Challenger have also provided a climatic record stretching back hundreds of millions of years．The information of past climatic change can be used to predict future climates．
68．What does the underlined word “inaccessible” in line 3 means?
A．unrecognizable     B．unreachable       C．unusable        D．unreasonable
69．Why does the author mention “outer space” in the first paragraph?
A．The Earth’s climate millions of years ago was similar to that in outer space．
B．It is similar to the ocean floor in being strange to the humans．
C．Rock formations in outer space are similar to those found on the ocean floor
D．Techniques used by scientists to explore outer space were similar to those used in ocean exploration
70．Which of the following is true of the Glomar Challenger?
A．It is a type of submarine．               B．It is an ongoing project．
C．It has gone on over 100 voyages．        D．It made its first DSDP voyage in 1968．
71．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as being a result of the Deep sea Drilling Project?
A．Geologists were able to determine the Earth’s appearance millions of years ago．
B．Two geological theories became more widely accepted by scientists．
C．Geologists observed forms of life never before seen
D．Information was revealed about the Earth’s past climatic changes．

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The repairman told me, “No charge Professor Pan! We’re friends．” “I’d rather pay,” I replied．“If it’s free, I can’t afford it!”
Chinese often refuse payment for professional services, insisting, "We’re friends now!" But then they show up later to ask me to tutor them in English, or get them into an American university, and I wish I’d have just paid the 30 yuan I owed them in the first place!
According to the Americans, "There’s no free lunch," meaning that there’s a price for everything, and I’m always looking around to figure out what this means．Many of our neighbours have given us fruit or flowers or costly teas, never asking anything in return．For years, a bicycle repairman has repeatedly refused to let me pay him．"Wait until you have something major to fix! "he insists．
I mentioned to a peasant friend that I wished I had a stone mill to grind(磨)flour for bread．A month later he showed up with a beautiful mill that he’d had his uncle in the countryside carve from a solid block of granite(花岗石)．
Chinese generosity(慷慨)is a real education for Americans like me, who would rather avoid social entanglements (纠纷) and just hand over the money．But cash can’t compensate(补偿)for the greatest gift--friendship．
When an American saw some of my friends sitting on bamboo stools under the trees, sipping(呷)tea, he said, "They must have nothing better to do．""Actually, "I said, "they are professors, with plenty to do．But probably you’re right in saying that, at this moment, they have nothing better to do．And neither do I!" And I joined the group．We chatted about tea and Chinese cooking and how much my boys have grown since we arrived．One man said, "They were pocket-sized when you came here．Now
they’re taller than you．How time flies!"
How life flies．And Chinese are smart enough to share what they know they cannot keep．They freely give of their time, never too busy to help a friend．And they are teaching me, slowly, to both give and receive．So the next time someone says, "No charge．We’re friends! " I will thank them heartily．But if they show up later asking me to tutor them in English, I’ll make sure they tutor my son in Chinese as well, because there’s still no free lunch．
64．The author insisted on paying repairman while he was offered free repairs because he     .
A．was an honest man
B．didn’t know the repairman
C．thought it natural to pay for others’ service
D．didn’t want to help others in return
65．Generally, the author thinks that Chinese are _________．
A．generous and always ready to help their friends
B．good at exchange of equal values
C．free enough to drink tea and chat with their friends
D．helpful but don’t treasure time
66．The best title of the passage should be “       ”.
A．Learn to Both Give And Receive    B．A Good Lesson from Chinese
C．True Help or Not                   D．Still No Free Lunch
67．Which of the following is TRUE?
A．The Chinese would rather not take the money to avoid problems in social communication.
B．When a peasant knew the author needed a mill, he made one for the author himself.
C．The author thinks that Chinese are wise enough to enjoy the limited life.
D．The author thinks little of Chinese way of life.

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Lateral thinking（迂回思维），first described by Edward de Bono in 1967，is just a few years older than Edward’s son．You might imagine that Caspar was raised to be an adventurous thinker，but the de Bono was so famous，Casspar’s parents worried that any time he would say something bright at school，his teachers might ask，“Where do you get that idea from？”
“We had to be careful and not overdo it．”Edward admits．Now Caspar is at Oxford-which once looked unlikely because he is also slightly dyslexic（诵读困难）．In fact，when he was applying to Oxford，none of his school teachers thought he had a chance．“So then we did several thinking sessions,”his father says，“using my techniques and，when he went up for the exam，he did extremely well．”Soon after，Edward de Bone decided to write his latest book，“Teach Your Child How to Think”，in which he transforms the thinking skills he developed for brain-storming businessmen into informal exercises for parents and children to share．
Thinking is traditionally regarded as something executed in a logical sequence，and everybody knows that children aren’t very logical．So isn’t it an uphill battle，trying to teach them to think？“You know，”Edward de Bono says，“if you examine people’s thinking，it is quite unusual to find faults of logic．But the faults of perception are huge！Often we think ineffectively because we take too limited a view．”
“Teach Your Child How to Think”offers lessons in perception improvement，of clearly seeing the implications of something you are saying and of exploring the alternatives．
60．What is TRUE about Caspar？
A．He is Edward’s son．   B．He is an adventurous thinker．
C．He first described lateral thinking．      D．He is often scolded by his teacher．
61．It can be inferred from paragraph 2 that Edward        .
A．was likely to improve children’s logic with his book
B．gave a description of lateral thinking several years after his son was born
C．was prompted to study lateral thinking because his son was slightly dyslexic
D．once taught businessmen how to think before he wrote for parents and chikdren
62．According to Paragraph 3，which of the following statements expresses Edward de Bone’s view？
A．Everybody knows that children aren’t very logical．
B．It is an uphill battle trying to teach children to think．
C．We often think ineffectively because we take too limited a view．
D．Thinking is traditionally regarded as something executed in a logical sequence．
63．Lateral thinking refers to the following EXCEPT        ．
A．improving one’s logic in thinking
B．improving one’s perception in thinking
C．seeing the implications of what you are saying
D．exploring the alternatives for what you are saying

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(Xinhua)
Chinese and Russian armed forces on Wednesday began a five-day joint military drill aimed at boosting their troops’ capability（提高部队能力）in fighting against terrorist. They will conduct a joint antiterror military exercise beginning July 22.
The exercise, named “Peace Mission-2009”, will be carried out in Russia’s Far East area and the Shenyang Military Area Command in northeast China, according to the two countries’ defense authorities. It will last five days.
About 1,300 people from the army and air force of each side will participate in the exercise. The Russian forces would also send an airborne assault unit(空降突击连) to participate in the exercise, according to the Defense Ministry.
The more than 2,600 soldiers have conducted joint exercise before. From July 23 to 26, the troops will conduct the exercise at a training base in the Shenyang Military Area Command where theater-level command headquarters(司令部) of both sides will be established.
The deputy chief of general staff of Chinese armed forces Ma Xiaotian told reporters this morning that the Chinese military is well prepared for Sunday’s joint anti-terror drill with Russia in a training base in Baicheng, Jilin Province.
The other four member states of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Takistan, Uzbekistan and the SCO’s secretariat will send military observers.
China, Russia and other member states of the SCO held two similar anti-terrorism exercises under the name of “Peace Mission” in 2005 and 2007 respectively.
The exercise was not targeted at any particular third party, but would show the abilities and resolution of both sides to jointly deal with various kinds of security threats and crack down on terrorist, separatist and extremist forces, the spokesman said.
72.In which day will the military exercise end?
A．On July 22.    B．On July 23.   C．On July 25.   D．On July 26.
73.How many soldiers in all between China and Russian will conduct joint exercise?
A．More than 1,300.     B．Exactly 2,600.
C．More than 2,600.      D．Less than 2,600.
74. The passage tells us that    .
A．the five-day joint military drill is held in Russia’s Far East area.
B．China, Russia and other member states of the SCO, held three similar anti-terrorism exercises before this
C．not only the other four member states of the SCO, but also the members from America and France will send military observers
D．the target for the exercise is to show two nations strong determination to beat the terrorists severely and at the same time to show their military abilities to jointly deal with various kinds of security threats internationally.
75. What can be the best title for the text?
A．Peace Mission-2009.              B．A Five-day Joint Military Drill.
C．Mission for Peace Tarets Terrorists.  D．Chinese Forces Ready for Sunday’s Joint Drill.

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