Large companies need a way to reach the savings of the public at large. The same problem, on a smaller scale(小规模地), faces practically every company trying to develop new products and create new jobs. There can be little hope of raising the money needed from friends and people we know, and while banks may agree to provide short-term finance(资金), they are generally unwilling to provide money, for long-term projects. So companies turn to the public, inviting people to lend them money, or take a share(股份) in the business in exchange for a share in future interests. This they do by issuing(发行) stocks(股票) and shares in the business through the Stock Exchange. By doing so they can put into circulation(流通) the savings of single persons and institutions, both at home and abroad.
When the saver(储蓄者) needs his money back, he does not have to go to the company with whom he originally placed it. Instead he sells his shares through a stockbroker(证券经纪人) to some other saver who is seeking to invest his money.
Many of the services needed both by industry and by each of us are provided by the government or by local organizations. Without hospitals, roads, electricity, telephones and railways, this country could not work. All these require continuous spending on new equipment and new development if they are to serve us properly, requiring more money than it is raised through taxes alone. The government, local organizations and nationalized industries therefore frequently need to borrow money to finance(给…提供资金) major capital spending, and they, too, come to the Stock Exchange.
There is hardly a man or woman in this country whose standard of living does not depend on the ability of his or her employers to raise money to finance new development. In one way or another his new money must come from the savings of the country. The Stock Exchange exists to provide a channel through which these savings can reach those who need finance.The money which enables these companies to go ahead with their projects is _______.
| A．exchanged for part ownership in the Stock Exchange |
| B．raised by the selling of shares in the companies |
| C．repaid to its original owners as soon as possible |
| D．invested in different companies in the Stock Exchange |
All the basic services on which we depend are _______.
| A．unable to provide for the needs of the population |
| B．financed wholly by rates and taxes |
| C．in constant need of financial support |
| D．run by the government or local organizations |
The Stock Exchange makes it possible for the government, local organizations and nationalized industries _______.
| A．to make certain everybody saves money |
| B．to borrow as much money as they wish |
| C．to make certain everybody lends money to them |
| D．to raise money to finance new development |
The underlined word invest probably means _______.
| A．give more money with | B．provide less money with |
| C．borrow less money with | D．make more money with |
◆200 dead as Brazilian plane crashes in Sao Paulo
Up to 200 people were dead after a passenger plane with 176 people aboard slid off the runway on landing and hit a fuel storage tank at Sao Paulo's Congonhas airport on Tuesday.
Brazilian airline TAM said that 170 passengers and 6 crew were aboard the Airbus A320 flying from Porto Alegre in southern Brazil to Sao Paulo when it lost control on landing and slid off the wet runway.
Brazilian news agency Folha reported up to 200 people were dead, including some victims on the ground.
◆_______________________________________
Two people were killed Saturday in two separate plane crashes in the United States, media reports said.
In Dayton, Ohio, a plane crashed on a runway of the Dayton International Airport while performing during the Vectren Dayton Air Show. The pilot, Jim LeRoy, was taken to Miami Valley Hospital and was announced dead. The air show was canceled .
Also on the same day, two single-engine war planes at an experimental air show collided(相撞) in Wisconsin while landing, killing one of the pilots and injuring the other.
◆All 114 aboard Kenya plane killed
A Kenya Airways plane that crashed after takeoff in Cameroon with 114 people on board is largely submerged (淹没) in a swamp(沼泽地) and there is no chance of survivors, Cameroon 's civil protection service said on Monday
The Boeing 737-800 had taken off from Douala and its wreckag (残骸)was found just 12 miles from the town. The plane fell head first. But the cause of the crash remained unclear.
Among the passengers were Associated Press reporter Anthony Mitchella and an executive from the South African cell phone giant MTN. Five Chinese passengers were also killed in the crash . The Brazilian plane crash caused extra deaths mainly because______
| A．it skidded off the wet runway. | B．the runway. was very short |
| C．it hit a fuel storage tank | D．its pilot was inexperienced |
The proper title for News 2 would be _________.
| A．Two pilots killed in plane crashes in US | B．The tragedies of the air show |
| C．Who is to blame for the plane crashes? | D．Big losses can result from small things |
Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE as for the Kenya plane crash?
| A．The plane crashed after the plane took off. |
| B．The cause of the crash was under examination |
| C．114 passengers on board were killed including an African |
| D．The place where the plane crashed led to many more deaths |
The Brazilian plane crash killed about _____people in all on the ground.
| A．170 | B．30 | C．24 | D．6 |
It can be inferred from the three news that_________
| A．when the Airbus A320 landed, it was likely to be raining heavily |
| B．during the Vectren Dayton Air Show , the pilot, Jim LeRoy died on the scene |
| C．The place where the Boeing 737-800 crashed was just 12 miles from the town |
| D．Five Chinese passengers were victims of the Kenya plane crash |
My dream ended when I was born. Although I never knew it then, I just held on to something that would never come to pass. Dreams really do exist. But in the morning when you wake up, they are remembered just as a dream. That is what happened to me.
I always had the dream to dance like a beautiful ballerina（芭蕾舞女演员）turning around and around and hearing people applaud for me. When I was young, I would turn around and around in the fields of wildflowers that grew in my backyard.
Reality woke me up when I heard someone saying, "I don't know why you bother trying to dance. Ballerinas are pretty and slender(苗条) girls. Besides, you don't have the talent to even be a ballerina." I remember how those words hurt every feeling in my body. I fell to the ground and wept for hours.
I enjoyed hanging out by the water. I would sit there for hours and stare at my reflection(倒影). There I was, looking nothing like a pretty ballerina dancer. Reflections don't lie. Once the waves would come, my reflection was washed away just like my dream to dance.
As I grew older, I began to realize that the reason my dream was even born was because it was something that was inside of me. The dream I had was never nurtured(培育) and cared for, so it slowly died. It's not that I wanted it to die, but I allowed it to die the day I started listening to the words, "You can't do it." When I finally woke up from many years of dreaming, I realized that you can't only settle for dancing in the wildflowers, you have to move on to the platform. Which of the following can serve as the best title for the passage？
| A．Care for your dream |
| B．Dream and reality |
| C．Nothing is impossible |
| D．Efforts to be a ballerina will pay |
The author didn’t realize her dream of being a ballerina mainly because_______.
| A．she was bored of dancing and performing |
| B．she had lack of self-respect |
| C．her health conditions allowed her dream to die |
| D．she was deeply affected by others easily |
From the passage, it can be inferred that _________.
| A．the author was once a pretty and slender girl with wonderful dream. |
| B．we should dare to give up our dream facing much pressure and difficulty |
| C．if you stick to your dream and never say die, you will enjoy a bright life |
| D．You should necer give up. |
What is the main purpose of writing the passage?
| A．to complain | B．to praise | C．to warn | D．to criticize |
The underlined expression “settle for” in the last paragraph means_________.
| A．turn down | B．take up | C．give up | D．settle down |
The mobile phone has been a part of our lives since the 1980s. It enables us to stay in contact with our family and friends at all times and in most areas. However, because of the quick acceptance and extensive usage of mobiles in our lives, we have missed out on an important step, namely, the appropriate (恰当的)use.
Driving a car
Do not use your phone while you are driving ! You could concentrate on your conversation and forget to look where you are going, or you could take your eyes off the road to look at the phone’s display or to press in a number. Either way, you could cause a terrible accident.
In a restaurant
There is probably nothing more annoying than a diner receiving or making a call near you when you are in a restaurant. The icy glares you receive should be warning enough that it is not appreciated. Turn you phone off and enough that it is not appreciated. Turn you phone off and use your message service to return calls after you leave.
At the cinema
Do not give way to the desire to call a friend if the film is boring, or if you want to find out what happens. You could become the target of all the angry cinema customers.
At the theatre
There is no more icy glare than that of a theatre goer who has paid a lot of money to see a show and hears your phone playing a tone. It goes without saying that you will be seen as a socially unacceptable person in this situation.
In hospitals
This is probably the most important place to make sure your phone is switched off. Your phone can disturb life-saving electronic equipment in hospitals, so it is necessary that your phone is switched off before you enter.
On planes
Your phone might disturb navigational equipment and cause a horrible accident so you should switch it off before boarding a plane. According to the passage, the most annoying thing in a restaurant is that __________.
| A．you receive icy glares |
| B．a nearby diner is answering a phone call |
| C．you have to use the message service |
| D．you can not return calls until after you leave |
Which of the following statements is NOT true ?
| A．Theatre goers will not give you icy glares when they hear your phone. |
| B．When switched on in hospitals, mobile phones could endanger patients’ lives. |
| C．Passengers should switch off the phones before getting on a plane. |
| D．Pressing in phone numbers when driving could lead to traffic accidents. |
The passage mainly describes __________.
| A．different functions of mobile phones |
| B．the overuse of mobile phones on some occasions |
| C．some areas where message service is forbidden |
| D．the proper use of mobile phones in some public places |
What does the underlined word “concentrate on” mean in the article? It means ______.
| A．make something stronger | B．carry on |
| C．pay particular attention | D．think something clearly |
Specialists say that it is not easy to get used to life in a new culture. “Culture shock” is the term these specialists use when talking about the feelings that people have in a new environment. There are three stages of culture shock, say the specialists. In the first stage, the newcomers like their new environment. Then, when the fresh experience dies, they begin to hate the city, the country, the people, and everything else. In the last stage, the newcomers begin to adjust to their surroundings and, as a result, enjoy their life more.
There are some obvious factors in culture shock. The weather may be unpleasant. The customs may be different. The public service systems—the telephone, post office, or transportation—may be difficult to work out. The most simple things seem to be big problems. The language may be difficult.
Who feels culture shock? Everyone does in this way or that. But culture shock surprises most people. Very often the people having the worst culture shock are those who never had any difficulties in their home countries and were successful in their community. Coming to a new country, these people find they do not have the same established positions. They find themselves without a role, almost without an identity. They have to build a new self-image.
Culture shock gives rise to a feeling of disorientation (迷惘). This feeling may be homesickness. When homesick, people feel like staying inside all the time. They want to protect themselves for the strange environment, and create an escape inside their room for a sense of security. This escape does solve the problem of culture shock for the short term, but it does nothing to make the person familiar with the culture. Getting to know the new environment and gaining experience—these are the long-term solutions to the problem of culture shock.
When people move to a new country, they _______.
will get used to their new surrounding with difficulty
have well prepared for the new surroundings
will get used to the culture of the country quickly
will never be familiar with culture of the country
According to the passage, factors that give rise to culture shock include all of the following except _____.
| A．language communication | B．weather conditions and customs |
| C．public service systems | D．homesickness |
According to the passage, the more successful you are at home, __________.
the fewer difficulties you may have abroad
the more difficulties you may have abroad
the more money you will earn abroad
the less homesick you will feel abroad
What is the main idea of the last passage?
| A．Escape unfamiliar environment |
| B．The feeling of homesickness. |
| C．Homesickness can solve the problem of culture shock. |
| D．The best way to overcome culture shock: get familiar with the new culture. |
It is quite reasonable to blame traffic jams, the cost of gas and the great speed of modern life, but manners on the road are becoming horrible. Everybody knows that the nicest men would become fierce tigers behind the wheel. It is all right to have a tiger in a cage, but to have one in the driver’s seat is another matter altogether.
Road politeness is not only good manners, but good sense too. It takes the most cool-headed drivers great patience to give up the desire to beat back when forced to face rude driving. On the other hand, a little politeness goes a long way towards reducing the possibility of quarrelling and fighting. A friendly nod or a wave of thanks in answer to an act of politeness helps to create an atmosphere of good will and calm so necessary in modern traffic conditions. But such behaviors of politeness are by no means enough. Many drivers nowadays don’t even seem able to recognize politeness when they see it.
However, misplaced politeness can also be dangerous. Typical examples are the driver who waves a child crossing the street at a wrong place into the path of oncoming cars that may be not able to stop in time. The same goes for encouraging old ladies to cross the road wherever and whenever they want to. It always amazes me that the highways are not covered with the dead bodies of these grannies.
An experienced driver, whose manners are faultless, told me it would help if drivers learnt to correctly join in traffic stream without causing total blockages that give rise to unpleasant feelings. Unfortunately, modern drivers can’t even learn to drive, let alone master the roadmanship. Years ago, experts warned us that the fast increase of the car ownership would demand more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time for all of us to take this message to heart. According to the passage, troubles on the road are often caused by _______.
| A．road conditions | B．the speed of modern life |
| C．the behavior of the drivers | D．the large number of cars |
In the writer’s opinion, ________.
| A．drivers should avoid traffic jams |
| B．strict traffic rules are badly needed |
| C．unskillful drivers should be punished |
| D．drivers should show road politeness properly |
The underlined word “give-and-take” in the last paragraph means “______”.
| A．politeness and impoliteness |
| B．good manners and bad manners |
| C．offering help to others as much as possible |
| D．willingness of each person to give in to each other’s wishes |
What is the best title of the passage?
| A．Road politeness | B．Traffic problems |
| C．Bad manners on the road | D．Good divers and bad drivers |
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