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_____ People use money to buy food, furniture, books, bicycles and hundreds of other things they need or want. When they work, they usually get paid in money.
Most of the money today is made of metal or paper. _______ One of the first kinds of money was shells.
Shells were not the only things used as money. In China, cloth and knives were used. In the Philippine Islands, rice was used as money for a long time. Elephant tusks, monkey tails and salt were used as money in parts of Africa.
The first metal coins were made in China. They were round and had a square hole in the centre. _________
Different countries have used different metals and designs for their money._____ Sweden and Russia used copper (铜) to make their money. Later some countries began to make coins of gold and silver.
But even gold and silver were inconvenient if you had to buy something expensive. Again the Chinese thought of a way to improve money. _______ The first paper money looked more like a note from one person to another than the paper money used today.
Money has had an interesting history from the days of shell money until today.
| A．The first coins in England were made of tin (锡). |
| B．But people used to use all kinds of things as money. |
| C．No one knows for certain when people began to use money. |
| D．People strung (串连) them together and carried them from place to place. |
E. Money, as we know, is all made of paper.
F. They began to use paper money.
G. Today anyone will accept money in exchange for goods and services.
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Does this situation seem familiar to you? Your English is progressing well, the grammar is now familiar, the reading comprehension is no problem, and you are speaking quite fluently. _ _
First of all, remember that you are not alone. Listening is probably the most difficult job for almost all learners of English as a foreign language. The most important thing is to listen as often as possible. _ The Internet is really a useful tool for English students. You can download The RealPlayer from RealMedia.com. The RealPlayer allows you to use the Internet like a radio station.
Once you have begun to listen on a regular basis, you might still be frustrated （受阻）by limited understanding. ____
Here is some of t
he advice I give my students:
●Accept the fact that you are not going to understand everything.
●Stay relaxed when you do not understand, and try listening to the material for more times.
● Do not translate everything into your native language.
●_____ Don’t concentrate on details before you have understood the main ideas.
● Listen to something you enjoy.
I remember the problems I had in understanding spoken German when I first went to Germany. In the beginning, when I didn’t understand a word, I insisted on translating it in my mind. This method usually resulted in confusion. Firstly, translating creates a barrier between the listener and the speaker. Secondly, most people repeat themselves constantly. By remaining calm, I noticed that even if I didn’t pay much attention I could usually understand what the speaker had said.
A．But  you can’t follow a native English speaker at all! |
| B．What should you do? |
| C．But listening is a problem for most of the beginners! |
| D．However, after several weeks, I got used to the new environment in Germany. |
E. So, what you need to do is to find listening resources.
F. Then, after the first six months, I discovered two extremely important facts.
G. Listen for the general idea of the conversation.
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Most drinks stating that they are fruit-flavored (水果味道的) contain no fruit at all, while most of the rest contain only a small quantity of fruit, according to a study carried by the British Food Commission.
“Shoppers need to check the labels (标签) before buying drinks, though sometimes the actual content can be non-existent,” said Food Commission spokesperson Ian Tokelove. “Food production is highly competitive. It will increase profits, and consumers won’t always realize they are being tricked.”
Flavorings(调味品，调料) are focused on the flavors of natural food products such as fruits, meats and vegetables, or creating flavor for food products that do not have the desired flavors. Researchers analyzed the contents of 28 strawberry-flavored products sold in stores. Of the 11 products that did contain strawberries, five of them contained less than one percent real fruit. In addition, each juice box contained nearly eight teaspoons of sugar.
Let’s take jam as an example. Some strawberry-flavored jam was labeled as containing no artificial colors, flavors, or sweeteners, but it contained absolutely no strawberries at all.
Consumers have the rights to know clearly about what they have bought. Under current UK law, food packages do not have to distinguish between natural and artificial flavoring. “Describing a product as strawberry flavor and covering the surface of the packet with pictures of strawberries is misleading.
Unfortunately, it is also legal and widespread,” Tokelove said. “It’s time to take measures to protect the consumers’ rights.”
| A．They found that about 60 percent of them didn’t contain any fruit at all. |
| B．It is important and necessary to demand a small amount of flavoring in the products. |
| C．The products which contain real fruit are popular with people. |
| D．The Food Commission suggested all flavors used in a product should be listed on the packaging. |
E. Even products advertised as more natural often contained no fruit.
F. Actually the product contains just a tiny percentage of strawberry or even no fruit at all.
G. If companies can cut their costs by using flavoring, they are likely to do so.
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Marriage is one of the most important experiences of a person’s life, but like any legal process, it can get complicated. In this article, we’ll look at some of the laws in the USA surrounding marriage, including age requirements and marriage licenses. We’ll also explore some of the many legal benefits of being married.
_____________ Depending on where you live, there are rules governing who can get married and how a marriage license can be obtained.
Each state has its own laws regarding the age requirements to receive a license. _________ In most states, both parties must be 18 years old in order to marry without their parents’ permission. However, in some states, with the parents’ permission, people as young as 12 years old can marry.
In order to have a legally-recognized marriage, a couple has to have a valid marriage license. ____________ The couple fills out an official application and then there’s a short waiting period, maybe a couple of hours or a few days before the license is issued. Usually when applying for a marriage license, official identification is required. _______
_______ After a couple gets married, a marriage certificate is proof that a marriage has taken place.
______________ Many of them are also offered by private employers --- such as days-off for the birth of a child and family health insurance plans. Social scientists have also found many positive benefits for married couples and families, including fewer incidents of poverty and mental health problems.
| A．The legal age to marry varies from state to state. |
| B．Some couples also have an agreement before getting married. |
| C．It can be a birth certificate or an ID card. |
| D．Different states have different laws in terms of marriage. |
E. An application must be filled out in order to get a marriage license.
F. When applying for a marriage license the couple must appear together.
G. Besides love and companionship, there are many benefits of marriage.
As you grow rapidly through your teenage years, you will experience a lot of changes. The changes may seem difficult. Don’t panic! You will deal successfully with them! You are a young adult now!
With more responsibility, you will find more freedom to make your own choices. This is a time to be well informed about making choices. In this way you can make healthy balanced decisions. You may already know your career path or you may have no idea at all what you want to do. Both situations are fine! Work hard and the right opportunity will present itself to you.
Young adulthood means greater freedom and more choices. But try not to shut your family out of your life. You should learn to think of others even though you are old enough to look after yourself.
It is also perfectly natural at this time for you to spend more time with your friends than your family. A true friend will stand by you no matter what happens.
This period is a part of the life cycle. There are some people who will be with you throughout life’s journey. There will be some people with whom you part and go separate ways. Leaving school can be hard. The reality is that you may not even see all of your classmates again.
You are a young adult. It is your life. No one can live it for you. So making the right choices will be important to you. Life is for living. Enjoy your life wisely!
| A．Choose your friends wisely. |
| B．They will help shape the future. |
| C．They may seem to happen quickly. |
| D．You will probably want to be independent. |
E. You may appreciate what you have in your own life.
F. The choices that you make from now on will be your choices.
G. Your family has been with you since you came into this world.
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