People use money to buy food, furniture, books, bicycles and hundreds of other things they need or want. Most of the money today is made of metal or paper. But people used to use all kinds of things as money. One of the first kinds of money was shells. Shells were not the only things used as money. In China, cloth and knives were used. In the Philippine Islands, rice was used as money for a long time. Elephant tusks, monkey tails, and salt were used as money in parts of Africa.
Some animals were used as money too. The first metal coins were made in China. They were round and had a square hole in the center. People strung them together and carried them from place to place. The first coins in England were made of tin (锡). Sweden and Russia used copper (铜) to make their money. Later countries began to make coins of gold and silver.
Later the Chinese thought of a way to improve money. They began to use paper money. Money has had an interesting history from the days of shell money until today.People used different kinds of things as .
| A．gold | B．metal | C．money | D．silver |
Tin was first made as money in .
| A．China | B．Philippine Islands | C．England | D．Russia |
The word "strung" in the passage probably means ."
| A．came | B．tied | C．put | D．made |
The best topic of the article is” .”
| A．How Many Kinds of Money Are There in the World | B．The History of Money |
| C．Money in Different Countries | D．The Use of Money |
In New York City public schools, 176 different languages are spoken among the more than 1 million students. For 160,000 children, English is not their first language. New York's Department of Education makes learning better for these students by providing dual-language programs, in which students are taught in two languages, English and another one, like Russian or Chinese. Math, social studies, science and all other regular courses are taught in both languages. And they learn about the culture of the other country.
Milady Baez, Deputy Chancellor of English Language Learners and Student Support, says these dual-language programs will help children succeed in the future. "The jobs of the future require that our students know more than one language. They are going to be traveling abroad; they are going to be communicating with people from all over the world. This will open doors for them."
Middle-schoolers might not have jobs on their minds yet. For Kequing Jaing, she likes keeping up her first language, Mandarin."It makes me feel that I am home because I can speak in Chinese, learn in Chinese, while learning in English. So it makes me feel better and makes me understand more about the task I'm learning."
Anastasia Hudikova came to the United States when she was 2 years old. She says the Russian-English program keeps her connected to her heritage and her parents happy."They're really happy about the program. They are really happy that I can preserve my culture and my language, and that I can speak it fluently in school."
The New York schools also offer dual-language programs in seven other languages: Arabic, French, Haitian Creole, Hebrew, Korean, Polish and Spanish. There are plans to add even more languages in the future.
While these dual-language programs are popular, some organizations in the U.S. say teaching English comes first. U.S. Studies show that children who learn English early will be more successful later.Dual-language programs in New York aim to __________.
| A．help the students learn better |
| B．rid the students of homesickness |
| C．attract more international students |
| D．prevent the students forgetting their culture |
Who may not quite agree with dual-language programs?
| A．Milady Baez |
| B．Kequing Jaing |
| C．Anastasia Hudikova’s parents |
| D．some organizations in the U.S |
The author writes the passage in order to_________.
| A．encourage us to learn more languages |
| B．introduce dual-language programs in New York schools |
| C．advertise the dual-language programs |
| D．inspire more students to study in New York |
The 115-year-old famous Oxford Dictionary will now include popular new Chinese terms like “shanzhai” “youtiao” and “fangnu”, as part of the modern Chinese language.
As China plays a more and more important role in the world economy, the Chinese language is forever developing, attracting more attention from people who want to understand this ancient yet powerful language．
For instance, the word “shanzhai” is used to describe the countless knockoffs（名牌仿制品）.Another new term in the new edition is the word “fangnu”, a term used to describe the phenomenon in large cities where well-educated youth complain of a miserable existence due to the heavy burden of a home mortgage(按揭贷款).All these new or often fashionable terms can be found in the new Oxford English –Chinese, Chinese-English dictionary. that was unveiled(公布于众的)in the recently concluded Beijing International Book Fair last week．
This dictionary is the largest single volume English-Chinese, Chinese-English dictionary and contains 670,000 words and phrases after five years of preparation. Sixty editors from the Oxford University Press and its partner in China—the Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press worked together on the project. According to Julie Kleeman, the dictionary’s chief editor, most of the firm’s editors were Chinese, while about one fourth were native-English speakers．
“We don’t want to make it florid（绚丽的）, we want it to be modern and conversational. Many of the words in the present dictionary are no longer in use.” said Kleeman. “The need for studying Chinese by foreigners today is totally different from decades ago. Precise, native and practical—that is our main advantage,” she said. She added the dictionary also has a sidebar section that explains words which contain too much cultural information, like “hutong”, a traditional architecture style of Beijing. Another would be “youtian” the popular Chinese breakfast choice usually eaten with soybean milk.
Kleeman said in the future newer updated versions will be only available online as language often changes too quickly for book versions to keep up with. The online version will also offer a Chinese pronunciation guide．
The online version, allowing access via different platforms from the PC to the iPhones, will be ready “as soon as possible”, Kleeman said.Why will Oxford Dictionary include popular new Chinese terms?
| A．To attract those who want to get a better understanding of Chinese. |
| B．To develop the international working language, English. |
| C．To keep up with the development of the world economy. |
| D．To interest people and sell at a higher price. |
We can use the following words to describe this new dictionary EXCEPT__________.
| A．accurate | B．flowery |
| C．practical | D．native |
The newer updated versions will be only available online because______.
| A．book versions are too expensive to buy |
| B．book versions can’t offer a Chinese pronunciation guide |
| C．they can keep up with the quickly changing language |
| D．they will allow access in different languages |
What can we learn from the text?
| A．Oxford Dictionary has a history of more than 100 decades. |
| B．the word “shanzhai” can be only found in online versions. |
| C．Most of the dictionary’s editors are native English speakers. |
| D．Oxford Dictionary will be modern, practical and multifunctional |
It pays to be smart. We are not all smart in the same way. Youmaybe a talented musician, but you might not be a good reader . Each of us is different .
Psychologists have two different views on intelligence .Others believe there are many different intelligence .Some psychologists say there is one type of intelligence that can be measured with IQ tests .These psychologistssupport their view with research that concludes that people who dowell on one kind of test for mental ability do well on other tests .They do well on tests using words , numbers or pictures. They do well on individual orgroup tests , and written or oral tests .Those who do poorly on one test , do the same on all tests .
Studies of the brain show that there is a biological basis for general intelligence . The brain waves of people with higher intelligence show a quicker reaction .Some researchers conclude that differences in intelligence resultfrom differences in the speed and effectiveness of information processing by the brain .
Howard Gardner , a psychologist at the Harvard School of Education , has four children .He believes that all children are different and shouldn’t be tested by one intelligence test .Although Gardner believes general intelligence exists , he doesn’t think it tells much about the talents of a person outside of formal schooling .He think that the human mind has different intelligences .These intelligences allow us to solve the kinds ofproblems we are presented with in life .Each of us has different abilities within these intelligences .Gardner believes that the purpose of school should be to encourage development of all of our intelligences .What does the text mainly talk about?
| A．How to understand intelligence . |
| B．How to become intelligent . |
| C．The importance of intelligence tests . |
| D．The causes of different intelligences. |
Which of the following statements is TRUE concerning general intelligence ?
| A．Intelligent people do not do wellongrouptests . |
| B．Most intelligent people do well on the intelligence tests . |
| C．Intelligent people do better on written tests than on oral tests . |
| D．People doing well on one type of intelligence test do well on other tests . |
Gardnerbelieves that ________ .
| A．all children are alike . |
| B．children should take one intelligence test . |
| C．there is no general intelligence . |
| D．children have different intelligences . |
According toGardner, schools should ________ .
| A．test students’IQs once at least. |
| B．promote development of all intelligences . |
| C．train students who do poorly on tests . |
| D．focus on finding themostintelligent students |
Who needs guard dogs when you have wolves , right? That’s probably what Kazakh villagers in the Almaty region though when they decided to replace their dogs with the fierce forest dwelling beasts. According to local news reports, taming(驯化的) wolves is now the latest trend and a sort of hobby among rural Kazakhs.
Nurseit Zhylkyshybay, a farmer from the south-eastern Almaty region, told reporters that he purchased a wolf cub from hunters three years ago, and the animal is now perfectly tamed.
Kurtka, Nurseit’s pet wolf, lives in the family’s yard and takes long walks through the village with his master. “He’s never muzzled,” Nurseit insisted. “I rarely put him on a chain and do take him for regular walks around the village. Our family and neighbors aren’t scared of him at all.”
But wolf expert Almas Zhaparov said that the animals are ‘far too dangerous’ to keep at home. “A wolf is like a ticking bomb, it can go off at any moment,” he warned. “If nothing is done, the fashion could spread to the wealthy Kazakhs, who might try to keep wolves in the grounds of their houses, with possibly deadly consequences.” Social media users also expressed worry about the trend, accusing the government for failing to limit the practice.
Nevertheless, the wolves don’t seem to be posing an immediate threat. If visuals from news reports are anything to go by, the beasts look pretty happy with their new lifestyle, and appear quite fond of their new masters, not unlike dogs.The writer uses the example of Kurtka to show that____________.
| A．wolves can be tamed. |
| B．wolves are like ticking bombs |
| C．wolves like living with humans |
| D．keeping wolves at home is easy |
The underlined word “muzzled” in Para 3 means___________.
| A．puzzled | B．beaten |
| C．got his mouth covered | D．got changed |
According to Almas Zhaparov, keeping wolves at home is___________.
| A．a fashion | B．a disaster |
| C．a necessity | D．a hone |
What can we learn from the text?
| A．Wolves are easy to get tamed. |
| B．A pet wolf can become aggressive at any moment. |
| C．The government will prevent people taming wolves as pets. |
| D．Wolves are as loyal to their masters as dogs are. |
A program in our college helps you work part-time to ease your pressure from costs. If you need more money to cover all of your education-related costs, this program may be fit for you.
Advantages
Work experience: Last year, more than 1,400 positions were available across all departments. The jobs wary from one department to the next, and in most cases, participants find a position in their chosen field.
Money: During the regular academic year(September to April), you can work party-time and earn $3,200---sometimes more---while you take courses! During the summer time, you work full-time and can earn around $6,000 over 18 weeks.
Easy access: Applying for the program is easy. There is no need for face-to-face interview. All the forms you need are online; just fill in the forms and email us; we accept no letter or phone application!
Did you know?
At the University of Ottawa, it is not necessary to receive government assistance to qualify for our Work-Study Program. You simply need to demonstrate(证明)financial need.
You could have one of these great Work-Study jobs:
·Student ambassador
·Computing and network technician
·Marketing assistant
·Sports team manager
·Researcher/translator/Writer
And more!
The admission Section receives and evaluates applications to undergraduate programs, in addition to answering applicants’ questions.
Phone: 613-562-5315 Toll-free: 1-877-868-8292(#5315)
What will you benefit from the program if accepted?
| A．You can make $ 3,200 in the academic year at least. |
| B．You will get $ 6,000 scholarship a year. |
| C．You can take courses free of charge. |
| D．You may get more academic scores. |
What are you required to do to apply for the program?
| A．Get some working experience. |
| B．Take a face-to face interview |
| C．Phone the Admission Section telling your needs. |
| D．Complete your application forms and email them. |
To be admitted to the program, you need to___________.
| A．get some government assistance. |
| B．show your financial need. |
| C．perform well in your studies. |
| D．posses computing techniques |
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