2012年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试英语

theater

persuade（）

company

opposite

society

---What shall we do tonight then?
---_________--whatever you want.

He missed ______ gold in the high jump, but will get _____ second chance in the long jump.

That evening, _____ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late.

Sarah made ______ to the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning.

Tony lent me the money, ______that I’d do as much for him.

I had hardly got to the officemy wife phoned me to go back home at once.

We ______ to paint the whole house but finished only the front part that day.

Next to biology , I like physics ________.

---Did you ask Sophia for help?

---Ineed to-I managed perfectly well on my own.

The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy _____ anything that happened to be on.

100℃ is the temperature ______ which water will boil.

I'm going to Europe on vacation together with John if Ifind the money.

The manager ______ the workers how to improve the program since 9 am.

The Harry Potter books are quite popular; they are in greatin this city.

---Try not to work yourself too hard. Take it easy.
--- Thanks. _________

Around twenty years ago I was living in York.I had a lot of experience and a Master's degree, I could not findwork.

I wasa school bus to make ends meet andwith a friend of mine, for I had lost my flat. I hadfive interviews (面试) with a company and one day between bus runs they called to say I did notthe job. "Why has my life become so?" I thought painfully.

As I pulled the bus over toa little girl, she handed me an earringI should keep itsomebody claimed (认领) it. The earring was painted black and said "BE HAPPY".

At first I got angry. Then itme - I had been giving all of myto what was going wrong with myrather than what was right! I decided then and there to make aof fifty things I was happy with. Later, I decided tomore things to the list. That night there was a phone call forfrom a lady who was a director at a larger. She asked me if I woulda one-day lecture on stress (压力) management to 200 medical workers. I said yes.

Mythere went very well, and before long I got a well-paid job. To this day I know that it was because I changed my way ofthat I completely changed my life.

Cold weather can be hard on pets, just like it can be hard on people. Sometimes owners forget that their cats are just as used to the warm shelter (住所) as they are. Some owners will leave their animals outside for a long period of time, thinking that all animals are used to living outdoors. This can put their pets in danger of serious illness. There are things you can do to keep your animal warm and safe.
Keep your pets inside as much as you can when the weather is bad. If you have to take them out, stay outside with them. When you’re cold enough to go inside, they probably are too. If you must leave them outside for a long time, make sure they have a warm, solid shelter against the wind, thick bedding, and plenty of non-frozen water.
If left alone outside, dogs and cats can be very smart in their search for warm shelter. They can dig into snow banks or hide somewhere. Watch them closely when they are left outdoors, and provide them with shelter of good quality. Keep an eye on your pet’s water. Sometimes owners don’t realize that a water bowl has frozen and their pet can’t get anything to drink. Animals that don’t have clean and unfrozen water may drink dirty water outside, which may contain something unhealthy for them.
What do we learn about pets from Paragraph 1?

Why are pet owners asked to stay with their pets when they are out in cold weather?

If pets are left on their own outdoors in cold weather, they may ___.

What is the purpose of this text?

You may think that sailing is a difficult sport, but it is really not hard to learn it. You do not need to be strong. But you need to be quick. And you need to understand a few basic rules about the wind.
First, you must ask yourself, “Where is the wind coming from? Is it coming from ahead or behind or from the side?” You must think about this all the time on the boat. The wind direction tells you what to do with the sail.
Let’s start with the wind blowing from the behind. This means the wind and the boat are going in the same direction. Then you must always keep the sail outside the boat. It should be at a 90° angle (角度) to the boat. Then it will catch the wind best.
If the wind is blowing from the side, it is blowing across the boat. In this case, you must keep the sail half way outside the boat. It should be at a 45° angle to the boat. It needs to be out far enough to catch the wind, but it shouldn’t flap (摆动). It shouldn’t look like on a flagpole. If it is flapping, it is probably out too far, and the boat will slow down.
Sailing into the wind is not possible. If you try, the sail will flap and the boat will stop. You may want to go in that direction. It is possible, but you can’t go in a straight line. You must go first in one direction and then in another. This is called tacking. When you are tacking, you must always keep the sail inside the boat.
What should you consider first while sailing?

What does the word “It” underlined in Paragraph 4 refer to?

What do you have to do when sailing against the wind?

Where can you probably find the text?

Facial expressions carry meaning that is determined by situations and relationships. For example, in American culture (文化) the smile is in general an expression of pleasure. Yet it also has other uses. A woman's smile at a police officer does not carry the same meaning as the smile she gives to a young child. A smile may show love or politeness. It can also hide true feelings. It often causes confusion (困惑) across cultures. For example, many people in Russia smiling at strangers in public to be unusual and even improper. Yet many Americans smile freely at strangers in public places (although this is less common in big cities). Some Russians believe that Americans smile in the wrong places; some Americans believe that Russians don't smile enough. In Southeast Asian culture, a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelings. Vietnamese people may tell a sad story but end the story with a smile.

Our faces show emotions (情感), but we should not attempt to "read" people from another culture as we would "read" someone from our own culture. The fact that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as do members of another does not mean that they do not experience emotions. Rather, there are cultural differences in the amount of facial expressions permitted. For example, in public and in formal situations many Japanese do not show their emotions as freely as Americans do. When with friends, Japanese and Americans seem to show their emotions similarly.
It is difficult to generalize about Americans and facial expressiveness because of personal and cultural differences in the United States. People from certain cultural backgrounds in the United States seem to be more facially expressive than others. The key is to try not to judge people whose ways of showing emotion are different. If we judge according to our own cultural habits, we may make the mistake of "reading" the other person incorrectly.

ADDIS ABABA, Ethiopia – One of the world’s most famous fossils (化石) – the 3.2 million-year-old Lucy skeleton (骨骼) unearthed in Ethiopia in 1974 – will go on an exhibition tour abroad for the first time in the United States, officials said Tuesday.
Even the Ethiopian public has only seen Lucy twice. The Lucy on exhibition at the Ethiopian National Museum in the capital, Addis Ababa, is a replica while the real remains are usually locked in a secret storeroom. A team from the Museum of National Science in Houston, Texas, spent four years discussing with the Ethiopians for the U.S. tour, which will start in Houston next September.
“Ethiopia’s rich culture of both the past and today, is one of the best kept secrets in the world,” said Joel Bartsch, director of the Houston museum.
The six-year tour will also go to Washington, New York, Denver and Chicago. Officials said six other U.S. cities may be on the tour. But they said plans had not been worked out.
Travelling with Lucy will be 190 other fossils.
Lucy, her name taken from a Beatles song that played in a camp the night of her discovery, is part of the skeleton of what was once a 3-foot-tall ape-man (猿人).
The author writes this text mainly to ___ .

What does the words “a replica” in Paragraph 2 refer to?

How many cities has Lucy’s U.S. tour plan already included?

What was the skeleton named after?

Make Up Your Mind to Succeed
Kind-hearted parents have unknowingly left their children defenseless against failure. The generation born between 1980 and 2001 grew up playing sports where scores and performance were played down because “everyone’s winner.” And their report cards sounded more positive (正面的) than ever before. As a result, Stanford University professor Carol Dweck, PhD, calls them “the overpraised generation.”
Dweck has been studying how people deal with failure for 40 years. Her research has led her to find out two clearly different mind-sets that have a great effect on how we react to it. Here’s how they work:
A fixed mind-set is grounded in the belief that talent (才能) is genetic – you’re a born artist, point guard, or numbers person. The fixed mind-set believes it’s sure to succeed without much effort and regards failure as personal shame. When things get difficult, it’s quick to blame, lie, and even stay away from future difficulties.
On the other hand, a growth mind-set believes that no talent is entirely heaven-sent and that effort and learning make everything possible. Because the ego (自尊) isn’t on the line as much, the growth mind-set sees failure as a chance rather than shame. When faced with a difficulty, it’s quick to rethink, change and try again. In fact, it enjoys this experience.
We are all born with growth mind-sets. (Otherwise, we wouldn’t be able to live in the world.) But parents, teachers, and instructors often push us into fixed mind-sets by encouraging certain actions and misdirecting praise. Dweck’s book, Mind-set: The New Psychology of Success, and online instructional program explain this in depth. But she says there are many little things you can start doing today to make sure that your children, grandchildren and even you are never defeated by failure.
What does the author think about the present generation?

A fixed mind-set person is probably one who ___ .

What does the growth mind-set believe?

What should parents do for their children based on Dweck’s study?

Daughter：Dad. You love me, don't you?
Father：Of course, I do.1Daughter：Well, I saw this great offer for a free phone here in the newspaper, and …
Father：2

Daughter：Well, the phone is free … after the＄50 I pay is returned to me.
Father：Ah, so that's the catch.3

Daughter：Dad. All my friends have one.
Father：Ah, I don't know.4

Daughter：But the monthly charge for this service is only＄29.99, with 1,000 free weekday minutes nationwide, and unlimited weekend minutes.
Father：I don't know.
Daughter：Please Dad. With the new phone you won't have to worry about me while I'm driving the new car.
Father：5

Daughter：The new car you'll need to buy so I can use the phone.

根据下列句子及所给汉语注释，在答题卡相应题号的横线上写出空缺处各单词的正确形式(每空只写一词)。
Do you speak any __________ (外国) languages?
Rebecca was the __________ (骄傲) of her family.
Will you stop __________ (打断) me when I’m talking?
David Beckham’s __________ (国籍) is British.
The __________ (现代) history of Italy dates from 1860.
Bob’s __________ (侄子) is a freshman at Harvard University.
Alice wanted to borrow Jack’s computer, but he __________ (拒绝).
Her __________ (书架) are filled with books and photos.
What are you girls __________ (耳语) about?
Don’t __________ (咳嗽) more than you can help.

此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。先对标有题号的每一行作出判断：如无错误，在该行右边横线上画一个勾（√）；如有错误（每行只有一个错误），则按下列情况改正：

该行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。

该行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。

该行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。

注意：⑴原行没有错的不要改；

⑵答案必须写在答题卡相应的位置上。

Dear Editor,

假定你是李华。你班同学决定为小明举办生日聚会。请你写信邀请外教Susan参加，要点包括：
⒈ 时间：周五晚8点至9点
⒉ 地点：学生俱乐部
⒊ 内容：生日歌、蛋糕、游戏等
⒋ 要求：备小礼物
注意：⒈ 词数100左右，开头语已为你写好；⒉可以适当增加细节，以便行文连贯；⒊ 答案必须写在答题卡相应的位置上。
Hi, Susan,
We’re throwing a surprise party for Xiaoming’s birthday.