2019年全国统一高考英语试卷（天津卷）

I __________ to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage, but I couldn't manage it.            

A study shows the students who are engaged in after-school activities are happier than _________who are not.            

____________ to think critically is an important skill today's children will need for the future.            

___________ all the problems, several of the players produced excellent performances.            

-My son got a full scholarship to his dream university!

-Wow, ___________! What's he going to study?

We can observe that artificial intelligence has already made a(n) ___________on our lives in many ways.            

Amy, as well as her brothers, ____________ a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.            

Kate heard a man's voice in the background, but she couldn't ___________ what he was saying.            

Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially ___________ to help them succeed academically and personally.            

Their child is at the stage__________ she can say individual words but not full sentences.            

The professor warned the students that on no account _____________ use mobile phones in his class.            

Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents' opinion _________ he wants their support.            

The workers were not better organized, otherwise they ____________ the task in half the time.            

A dog's eating habit requires regular training before it is ___________ established.            

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

I was ready to pay for my bananas at the grocery one night, when fear seized me. My wallet was gone. I could only have left it on the G9 bus, which was now speeding in the dark to some         1      station.

The         2      moment was quickly followed by mental math. How much time and money would it cost to replace the         3      of that little wallet？The credit cards, the driver's license, the cash, all lost to the bus.

Two hours later, back at my house, I heard a knock on the door. My husband         4      it while I was on the phone in the dining room. "Does Jennifer live here?" I heard a lady say. In my husband's hand was my wallet, with not a penny         5      . She left before I could         6      make it to the door to offer my thanks.

After sharing the story online, I heard from someone, who         7      the lady as Erin Smith. Without         8     , I called to thank her. She said she         9      my wallet on a bus seat. She         10      that going to a stranger's house was a         11      move, but she decided to take the chance. "If I were in that         12      . I would want someone to try to find me," she said.

This one stranger responded beautifully to my small         13     , but she actually wasn't the only one. Right after Erin         14      my wallet on the bus, she posted a picture of my driver's license to an online forum（论坛）, trying to see         15      anyone knew me. No sooner did she leave my doorstep than I had emails from two women whose kids go to my son's nursery and who recognized my face. I've never         16      words with those moms beyond small talk, but they wanted to help. I read that people are more divided than ever, but that's not how the people I         17      tend to act.

        18      , I feel blessed someone had wanted to help a stranger. Erin had gone         19      what almost anyone would have done, finding my house on a bitterly cold night, and for that I was extremely         20     .

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History Fair Competition

Understanding history is vital to understanding ourselves as a people and as a nation.

History is much more than the study of dusty old objects and events long past. It is an essential part of who we are today and who we will become. Thornton fiddle School History Fair Competition makes understanding history exciting, engaging, and fun！

This Year's Theme

All participants must address how communication or transportation technology has promoted the quality of life for Americans throughout history. To many people, technology means computers, hand-held devices, or vehicles that travel to distant planets. However, technology is also the application of scientific knowledge to solve a problem, touching lives in countless ways.

Individuals or groups may enter one of the following categories:

Performance

Documentary（纪实作品）

Essay Writing

Category Requirements

Performance: A dramatic presentation of the topic no more than 10 minutes long. If special clothes are used, they should truly represent a given period.

Documentary: A visual presentation（such as a video, slide show, or computer project）no more than 10 minutes long. A desktop computer, screen, projector, and loudspeakers will be available. Students must provide their presentations on CDs before Friday, March 23.

Essay Writing: An academic paper of 2, 000 to 2, 500 words. No illustrations（图解）are allowed. Please do not include covers. A list of references must be included.

Important Dates

January 5

Submit a topic proposal to your history teacher. The teacher may require a second proposal if the first is off-topic or unclear.

February 5

Submit a first draft of your essay, performance script（剧本）, or documentary highlights.

February 19

A committee of teachers will evaluate materials and give opinions. Students then have an opportunity to improve their products.

March 9

Submit a final draft of your essay.

March 15

Performance and documentary committee preview

March 24

Thornton Middle School History Fair Competition

7:00A.M-9:00A.M Participants signing in at the gym

10:00A.M. -6:00PM. Competition and judges' review

7:00P.M. Awards ceremony and picnic

（1）According to Paragraph 1，what is the major goal of understanding history？            

（2）What is the theme of this year's competition?            

（3）Among the items provided by the school for a visual presentation are__________.            

（4）What would a participant have to do with an essay of 1,500 words to meet the category requirement?            

（5）What will the committee of teachers do on February 19?            

I must have always known reading was very important because the first memories I have as a child deal with books. There was not one night that I don't remember mom reading me a storybook by my bedside. I was extremely inspired by the elegant way the words sounded.

I always wanted to know what my mom was reading. Hearing mom say," I can't believe what's printed in the newspaper this morning," made me want to grab it out of her hands and read it myself. I wanted to be like my mom and know all of the things she knew. So I carried around a book, and each night, just to be like her, I would pretend to be reading.

This is how everyone learned to read. We would start off with sentences, then paragraphs, and then stories. It seemed an unending journey, but even as a six-year-old girl I realized that knowing how to read could open many doors. When mom said," The C-A-N-D-Y is hidden on the top shelf," I knew where the candy was. My progress in reading raised my curiosity, and I wanted to know everything. I often found myself telling my mom to drive more slowly, so that I could read all of the road signs we passed.

Most of my reading through primary, middle and high school was factual reading. I read for knowledge, and to make A's on my tests. Occasionally, I would read a novel that was assigned, but I didn't enjoy this type of reading. I liked facts, things that are concrete. I thought anything abstract left too much room for argument.

Yet, now that I'm growing and the world I once knew as being so simple is becoming more complex, I find myself needing a way to escape. By opening a novel, I can leave behind my burdens and enter into a wonderful and mysterious world where I am now a new character. In these worlds I can become anyone. I don't have to write down what happened or what technique the author was using when he or she wrote this. I just read to relax.

We're taught to read because it's necessary for much of human understanding. Reading is a vital part of my life. Reading satisfies my desire to keep learning. And I've found that the possibilities that lie within books are limitless.

（1）Why did the author want to grab the newspaper out of mom's hands？            

（2）According to Paragraph 3, the author's reading of road signs indicates___________.            

（3）What was the author's view on factual reading?            

（4）The author takes novel reading as a way to___________.            

（5）What could be the best title for the passage？            

How does an ecosystem（生态系统）work? What makes the populations of different species the way they are? Why are there so many flies and so few wolves? To find an answer, scientists have built mathematical models of food webs, noting who eats whom and how much each one eats.

With such models, scientists have found out some key principles operating in food webs. Most food webs, for instance, consist of many weak links rather than a few strong ones. When a predator（掠食动物）always eats huge numbers of a single prey（猎物）, the two species are strongly linked; when a predator lives on various species, they are weakly linked. Food webs may be dominated by many weak links because that arrangement is more stable over the long term. If a predator can eat several species, it can survive the extinction（灭绝）of one of them. And if a predator can move on to another species that is easier to find when a prey species becomes rare, the switch allows the original prey to recover. The weak links may thus keep species from driving one another to extinction.

Mathematical models have also revealed that food webs may be unstable, where small changes of top predators can lead to big effects throughout entire ecosystems. In the 1960s, scientists proposed that predators at the top of a food web had a surprising amount of control over the size of populations of other species---including species they did not directly attack.

And unplanned human activities have proved the idea of top-down control by top predators to be true. In the ocean, we fished for top predators such as cod on an industrial scale, while on land, we killed off large predators such as wolves. These actions have greatly affected the ecological balance.

Scientists have built an early-warning system based on mathematical models. Ideally, the system would tell us when to adapt human activities that are pushing an ecosystem toward a breakdown or would even allow us to pull an ecosystem back from the borderline. Prevention is key, scientists says because once ecosystems pass their tipping point（临界点）, it is remarkably difficult for them to return.

（1）What have scientists discovered with the help of mathematical models of food webs？            

（2）A strong link is found between two species when a predator______.            

（3）What will happen if the populations of top predators in a food web greatly decline？            

（4）What conclusion can be drawn from the examples in Paragraph 4？            

（5）How does an early-warning system help us maintain the ecological balance？            

Would you BET on the future of this man？He is 53 years old. Most of his adult life has been a losing struggle against debt and misfortune. A war injury has made his left hand stop functioning, and he has often been in prison. Driven by heaven-knows-what motives, he determines to write a book.

The book turns out to be one that has appealed to the world for more than 350 years. That former prisoner was Cervantes, and the book was Don Quixote（《堂吉诃德》）. And the story poses an interesting question: why do some people discover new vitality and creativity to the end of their days, while others go to seed long before？

We've all known people who run out of steambefore they reach life's halfway mark. I'm not talking about those who fail to get to the top. We can't all get there. I'm talking about people who have stopped learning on growing because they have adopted the fixed attitudes and opinions that all too often come with passing years.

Most of us, in fact, progressively narrow the variety of our lives. We succeed in our field of specialization and then become trapped in it. Nothing surprises us. We lose our sense of wonder. But, if we are willing to learn, the opportunities are everywhere.

The things we learn in maturity seldom involve information and skills. We learn to bear with the things we can't change. We learn to avoid self-pity. We learn that however much we try to please, some people are never going to love us-an idea that troubles at first but is eventually relaxing.

With high motivation and enthusiasm, we can keep on learning. Then we will know how important it is to have meaning in our life. However, we can achieve meaning only if we have made a commitment to something larger than our own little egos（自我）, whether to loved ones, to fellow humans, to work, or to some moral concept.

Many of us equate（视……等同于）"commitment" with such "caring" occupations as teaching and nursing. But doing any ordinary job as well as one can is in itself an admirable commitment. People who work toward such excellence whether they are driving a truck, or running a store-make the world better just by being the kind of people they are. They've learned life's most valuable lesson.

（1）The passage starts with the story of Cervantes to show that_________.            

（2）What does the underlined part in Paragraph 3 probably mean？            

（3）What could be inferred from Paragraph 4?            

（4）What does the author intend to tell us in Paragraph 5?            

（5）What is the author's purpose in writing the passage?            

阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。

Haze Mabry, who has worked as a school keeper for thirteen years, walks into the school building every day and empties garbage cans, wipes down bathrooms and mops wet messes in the hallways.

Last Friday, after he arrived at the school, instead of finding garbage to clean up, he found almost 800 students lining the hallways with handmade cards, blowing noisemakers and singing a full-throated happy birthday to him. It was his 80th. As he walked the long hallway, some popped out of lime to hug him. They handed him so many cards that they filled several large boxes. Touched by their enthusiastic expression of affection. Mabry thanked them all. "They're like my children," Mabry said.

On a regular day, students at the school sometimes come up to him to say they're not feeling well or other times to tell him about something that happened at break. He knows most of the kids at the school, but can't name each one. Some of them make him know them. Like Faith, who often forgets her backpack in the cafeteria, and Lucy, who just wants a hug.

"He won't brag（夸耀）on himself, but it doesn't matter what he's doing or where he is, he will always stop what he's doing to take care of a child if that child is having a bad day. If a child approaches him, he will pause to give that child his undivided attention. He's the most loved one in this building," said Lori Gilreath, a reading teacher.

Mabry works circles around all the students, cleaning up messes others don't want to touch. He doesn't expect a lot. Mabry said he hadn't planned to do much for his milestone birthday, so he was happy the students had prepared the surprise celebration.

Over the weekend, he worked through the piles of handmade cards at his house. One card from a student stood out to him. It read: "Mr. Haze, you are my sunshine."

（1）What is Mabry's daily work as a school keeper？（no more than 5 words）    

（2）How did the students celebrate Mabry's birthday？（no more than 15 words）    

（3）What does the underlined word in Paragraph 2 probably mean？（1 word）    

（4）Why is Mabry's presence at the school important？（no more than 10 words）    

（5）Who is the "sunshine" in your life？Please explain. （no more than 20 words）    

假设你是晨光中学的李津，英国友好校将派教师来你校参加为期一周的暑期交流活动。活动期间，英方教师Chris 将做一个有关西方艺术的讲座、现就讲座内容征求你校学生的意见。请根据以下提示给Chris写一封电子邮件:

⑴你喜欢的讲座话题（从音乐、美术、舞蹈中任选其一）；

⑵选择该话题的原因及关于该话题你感兴趣的内容；

⑶希望从中有何收获。

注意：

⑴词数不少于100；

⑵可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；

⑶开头和结尾已给出、不计入总词数。

Dear Chris,

I'm Li Jim, a student at Chenguang High School.

Thank you for your time.

Yours,

Li Jin