2021年湖南省衡阳市中考英语试卷（含答案与解析）

Many years ago，there was a king who liked falcons（猎鹰） very much.Once he get （1）　　 nice falcons.He had not seen such beautiful falcons before.He loved them so much that he ordered the best falconer to （2）　　 them to fly.

    After several months，the kind came to see （3）　 　 the training was going on.He found that one falcon had already been able to fly high in the sky，while the other one was staying at the branch （树枝） of a tree （4）　　 without moving.

    The king called all his falconers together and ordered them to try every （5）　 　 they could to make it fly.But （6）　 　 of them successful.One day，while the king was taking a walk in the forest，an idea came to his mind.He decided to find （7）　　 who knew the natural environment well to solve the problem.Then he sent for a farmer who lived in the forest into his palace to train it at once.

    The next morning，the king saw the other falcon （8）　 above in the sky freely. "It is unbelievable!" shouted the king. "How could you make it happen？"

    The farmer replied， "It's very easy.I just （9）　 　 the branch where the falcon rested." It is always the same to humans.We all have "two flying wings" in our hearts as well，but we often seem not to notice them and stay where we feel safe and （10）　　.We won't realize we can fly so high and freely until the "branch" we are resting on breaks.

根据短文内容从方框内的六个选项中选择五个还原到文中，使短文内容完整，意思连贯。

    Happiness is for everyone.You don't need to care about those people who have beautiful houses with large gardens or those who have nice cars and a lot of money .Why？ （1）　　

    In fact happiness is always around you if you put your heart into it. （2）　　When you study hard at your lessons，your parents are always taking good care of your life and your health.When you do something wrong，people around you will help you to correct it.When you help others，you will have a strong feeling of satisfaction and happiness，too. （3）　　 If you notice a bit of them，you can see that happiness is always around you.

    （4）　　It is a feeling of your heart.When you are poor，you can also say you are happy，because you have something else that can't be bought with money.As the saying goes，"Life is like a revolving（旋转）door. （5）　 　"

    If you take every chance you get，you will be a happy and lucky person.

阅读下面的短文并根据短文内容回答所提问题。

    With the development of science and technology，communications are becoming easier and quicker now — people can use telephones，cellphones，fax machines and the Internet.It means that we seldom write letters now.But a TV show，Letters Alive （《见字如面》，is bringing back this old habit.

    Letters Alive invites famous actors and actresses，but there are no funny jokes or different competitions.Instead，only one person walks up to a microphone and reads a letter.The letters were written by people from different times in history.For example，in one episode（集），they read a letter written by the famous writer Xiao Hong to her younger brother in 1941.The letter shows that Xiao Hong missed her brother so much and had great hopes for his future，

    "Every letter opens another world for us，" said Guan Zhangwen，the director of the TV show. "It seems that we can experience the real lives and feelings of the writers".Since its first episode was on.Letters Alive has been widely praised.Many audiences（观众） say that it has provided a breath of fresh air to today's TV shows.

    Besides Letters Alive，some other cultural TV shows have also attracted Chinese audiences.They include the Chinese Poetry Conference，a traditional Chinese poetry competition and Readers，a program that invites people to read poems and articles they like or wrote.It suggests that cultural values and true feelings are becoming our interest.

（1）Who does Letters Alive invite to read letters ？ 　.　

（2）What does Xiao Hong' s letter show according to the passage ？ 　　

（3）Chinese audiences highly prise the TV show，Letters Alive don't they？ 　　

（4）Besides Letters Alive，what other cultural TV shows are mentioned in the passage？ 　　

（5）How do you like the cultural TV shows？Why？ 　　

阅读F面短文，从每题所给的A.B.C 三个选项中选出最佳选项回答问题成完成句子。

    Some children cannot wait to grow up.Because once you become an adult you are free to make your own decisions.More importantly you can do all those things that you cannot do now because you are too young.So the question is 'At what age do you really become an adult？' Well ，people become adults at different ages in different places.

    In Australia the 18th birthday is a very important event for young Australians because it means they can do almost anything they want.They can vote （选举），learn to drive a car ，get married，join the army and even buy their own houses.Even if they can do all these things，most Australians have to wait until their 21st birthday to really celebrate becoming an adult.This is the traditional adult age in Australia and the USA and the UK.

    Even though 21 is the traditional adult age in many English﹣speaking countries the law nowadays is different in each country.In the UK you can join the army at 16 and even get married at 16 if your parents allow.Young people in the UK can learn to drive a car at 17，although they have to wait until they are 18 to vote.

    In China ，you can vote and learn to drive a car when you are 18，but if you want to get married，women have to wait until they are 18 and men until they are 22.Chinese people celebrate important birthdays every 10 years﹣﹣so when young people turn 20，they can expect a big party!

    No matter what age you are，becoming an adult is really about learning how to be independent and responsible（负责任的）.Once you are finally able to take care of yourselves and make your own decisions，then you can say that you are truly all grown﹣ups.

（1）Some children cannot wait to grow up because 　 　.

A.they hope to drive a car

B.they can decide to do things freely

C.they can celebrate birthdays

（2）The underlined word" adult" means 　　.

A.grown﹣up

B.kid

C.elder

（3）Which is TRUE according to the passage？ 　　

A.In the UK，people can drive at 17.

B.In China，men can get married at 18.

C.In Australia，people can vole at 16.

（4）What does the last paragraph tell us？ 　

A.When people celebrate their 18th birthday，they become adults

B.When people turn 20，they should take care of themselves.

C.A true grown﹣up is independent and responsible.

（5）What is the main idea of the passage？ 　 　

A.Why some children can' t wait to grow up.

B.People become adults at different ages in different paces.

C.What people can do at different ages.

阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。

    The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms （节气）.It starts from the Beginning of Spring and ends with the Greater Cold，moving in cycles.It is still useful today to guide people's lives through special foods，cultural ceremonies and even healthy living tips.

    Grain Buds（小满），the 8^th solar term of a year，begins on May 21 this year，and ends on June 4.It means that the seeds （种子） from the grain are becoming full.During the Grain Buds，summer harvest is about to begin.A saying about rain during this time mentions， "A heavy rainfall makes the river full." Because of the great increase in rainfall，rivers are full of water.This is a good time to enjoy fish.It is also harvest season for fishermen.

    Frost's Descent （霜降），the 18^th solar term of the year，is the last solar term of autumn，during which time the weather becomes much colder than before and frost begins to appear.The apple is one kind of recommended（推荐的） fruit during Frost's Descent.There are many saying about apples' benefits（益处） in China，such as "Eat an apple after meals，even old men can be as strong as young men."

    Minor Cold （小寒） is the 23^rd one.For most areas of China，it marks the start of the coldest days of the year and people always start preparing for New Year.According to traditional Chinese medicine thoughts，people need to eat food that has more yang energy to prevent cold from harming their bodies.Another important traditional food for Minor Cold is Laba porridge （腊八粥）.

（1）　 　 is the last solar term of a year.

A.Minor Cold

B.Greater Cold

C.Frost's Descent

（2）How many days does Grain Buds last this year？ 　 　

A.Thirteen.

B.Fifteen.

C.Seventeen.

（3）The underlined sentence "Eat an apple after meals，even old men can be as strong as young men." is closest in meaning to " 　　".

A.An apple a day keeps the doctor away.

B.It's more useful for old men to eat apples than young men.

C.If old men eat apples after meals，they will become younger and younger.

（4）In most areas of China，people always 　　 during Minor Cold.

①prepare for New year            ②have Laba porridge

③say good﹣bye to the coldest days   ④wear warmer clothes

A.①②③

B.②③④

C.①②④

（5）We can learn from the passage that 　　.

A.it is necessary for people to take umbrellas with them during Grain Buds

B.Frost's Descent is the 8^th solar term of a year

C.people need to eat food that has less yang energy during Minor Cold

阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。

    An international expo（ 产品博览会） on big data （数据） opened on Wednesday in southwest China's Guizhou Province，showing the newest scientific and technological creations and achievements in the relevant area，May 26，2021.

    Big data （数据） is a lot of sets of information that are put together so they can be used by a computer program.The computer program looks for different kinds of answers or patterns in the data.Big data can have different kinds of information that comes from schools，social media sites，companies，and governments.One set of data can have people's names and addresses.Another set can have what they like，where they go to school，and how much time they spend on the computer.

    President Xi Jinping called for China to speed up its big data strategy（成略） in order to better serve social and economic（经济） development and improve people's lives.In the past few years big data has been used more often in China.The government uses it to understand how many people travel on buses or trains.The information is then used to make bus or train systems better.

    Some schools use big data to understand which children may need extra（额外的） help in class.The teacher can give certain students more help or support so those students can succeed in school.The role it plays in tourism is another example.The data travelers share online is offering the tourism industry a lot of information about the country's scenic areas（景区）.After the data is analyzed（分析），different scenic areas can create their own online information for other travelers to see.The information not only tells travelers' reviews，but also tells the scenic areas where services need to be improved.

（1）The international expo big data probably opened in 　 　.

A.Hengyang

B.Guiyang

C.Shenyang

（2）What does the underlined word "they" in Paragraph 2 refer to ？ 　　

A.Computer programs.

B.Social media sites.

C.Sets of information.

（3）Which purpose of speeding up big data strategy is NOT true according to President Xi Jinping 's opinion？ 　　

A.To better serve social and economic development.

B.To improve people's lives.

C.To protect the environment.

（4）Some schools use big data to 　 　 according to Paragraph 3.

A.find out how many students travel on buses or trains

B.help students in need

C.offer students information about the scenic areas

（5）We can read the passage 　　.

A.on a movie poster

B.In a story book

C.on a news website

Bicycle riding is good exercise.It helps people become （1）f 　　.Bicycle riding can make the riders' hearts and lungs strong.It is also good for the environment because bicycles do not cause （2）　　 （污染）.

    Bicycles share the road with cars and trucks.Drivers do not always notice bicycles.So bicycle riders must （3）p 　　 attention to the traffic around them and know traffic signals.They must know and obey the safety （4）r 　　 .They must wear helmets to protect their heads.If they ride at night，they should have lights on the bicycle or wear light﹣colored clothes.In case of an accident，bicycle riders should know how to give first aid.If an injury is serious，they must call 120 for help.In a word，the best way to be safe is to be （5）　　 （小心的）.

Zu Chongzhi was one of the greatest mathematicians（数学家） in ancient China.He was born during the Northern and Southern（1）　　 （ dynasty）.From a young age，Zu was taught natural science，astronomy（天文学），math and so on.The little boy was （2）　　 （ interest） in all of these subjects，especially in （3）　　.

    Zu was best known for his calculation（计算） of pi （π）.According to the record，he did all the work using nothing but wooden sticks. （4）　 took him lots of time to work out the value —（5）　　 3.1415926 and 3.1415927.No one at that time was able to do better than Zu.And now the achievement is still praised by people around the world.In order to remember Zu，some mathematicians suggest （6）　　（call） pi"Zu Lv".

    Zu was successful not only in math，but also in astronomy.He worked out that a year should be 365.24281481 days long and created the Daming Calendar. （7）　　，government officials at that time did not agree with Zu.The great mathematician （8）　　saw his calendar put into use.Almost ten years after his （9）　　（die），the new calendar was finally accepted.

    Zu was an inventor，too.He once made a vehicle（车辆） （10）　　 carried a pointer （指针）.No matter how the vehicle turned，the pointer always pointed to the south.

根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上适当的句子。，使对话的意义连贯、完整。

    （There will be a class meeting about the celebrations of the 100th anniversary of the founding of the CPC.Li Hong and Wang Lin are asked to make a report about their favorite scientists in China.Now they are talking in class ）

    Li Hong：Hi，Wang Lin， （1）　　？

    Wang Lin：Yuan Longping.

    Li Hong： （2）　　？

    Wang Lin：Because he helped to feed nearly one﹣fifth of the world's population with less than 9 percent of the world's total land.He was honored as "The Father of Hybrid Rice. "

    Li Hong： （3）　   ？

    Wang Lin：Of course.Though he made great contributions to help feed the world，he lived a simple life.

    Li Hong：What a great scientist!We Chinese people are really proud of him.

    Wang Lin： （4）　　.Unfortunately，we know he passed away on May 22nd，2021.

    Li Hong： （5）　　!I think we can learn a lot from him.

中华文化渊源流长，博大精深，展现出独特的魅力，让世界为之赞叹。假如你是李强，你的外国笔友Steven非常喜欢中国，想对中国文化有更进步的了解。请你从以下几个方面，给他写一封email，向他简单介绍中国的文化特色。

注意：

    （1）文中不得出现真实的校名、人名等个人信息；

    （2）根据上图，至少要写两个方面的内容（可适当发挥）；

    （3）80词左右，开头结尾已给出，不计人总词数。

    照抄阅读语篇不得分。

Dear Steven，

    How is it going？

Yours，

Li Qiang