上海闵行区高三下学期质量调研考试二模英语试卷

The year was 1932. Amelia Earhart was flying alone from North America to England in a small single-engined airplane. At midnight, several hours after she had left Newfoundland, she ran into bad weather. To make things worse, her altimeter (高度表) failed and she didn’t know how high she _____ (fly). At night, and in a storm, a pilot was in great difficulty without an altimeter. At times, her plane nearly plunged into the sea.
Just before dawn, there was further trouble. Amelia noticed flames coming from the engine. With all the difficulties, Amelia Earhart wasn’t sure if she _____ reach land. There was nothing to do but keep______ (go).
In the end, Amelia Earhart did reach Ireland. It was with the great courage ______ she made the safe landing. And for the courage she had shown, she was warmly welcomed in England and Europe. When she returned to the United States, she ______ (honor) by President Hoover at a special dinner in the White House. From that time on, Amelia Earhart was famous.
What was so important about her flight? Amelia Earhart was the first woman
______ (fly) the Atlantic Ocean alone, and she had set a record of fourteen hours and fifty-six minutes.
In the years that followed, Amelia Earhart made several flights across the United States, and on each occasion she set a new record for flying time and was ____ (skillful) than her previous flight. Amelia Earhart made these flights to show that women had a place in aviation (航空) and that air travel was useful. Her passion for flight lasted in her remaining life ______ she mysteriously disappeared from public in the year 1937.

It has become acceptable for people to say that women work less than men and therefore deserve less! It may have been true in the past when women were expected to stay at home and look after children, but women have changed over the years. They have “come out”! Gone ______ (be) the days when they toiled (辛苦) the kitchen stove all day long; they are now aware of their needs and are willing to fight for them. They expect to be given the respect they deserve, both at home and at work. They have realized _____ intellectual potential and have determined to do something about it!
Women on two wheels have become ______ familiar sight on the roads of most Asian countries during the past few years. It is common to find a woman ______ (take) her children on her bicycle to school and then reaching her office in time.
“Super woman” ______ she is, it is rather difficult to combine a career and a decent home life. She needs to feel ______ (support). She may arrive at work feeling as if she has already done a full day’s job. ______ colleagues doubt her passion to her job, she will feel sad. At the same time, women of today expect their partners to contribute towards childcare and household chores.
Today’s women are learning to avoid situations that make them feel more stressed and it is a hard struggle. ______ ______ ______all this, the new woman, “the superpower” has arrived. She still believes in the power and value of a family unit and she holds it in high esteem (尊重).

Public image doesn’t make money directly, nor is it anything visible. However, excellent public image is such an important thing that it is    desired by every company, enterprise, institution, etc. Public image refers to how a company is     by its customers, suppliers, and stockholders (股东), by the financial community, by the communities where it operates, and by federal and local governments. Public image is controllable to   extent, just as the product, price, place, and promotional efforts are.
A firm’s public image plays a vital role in the    of the firm and its products to employees, customers, and to such outsiders as stockholders, suppliers, creditors (贷款方), government officials, as well as different special groups. With some things it is impossible to    all the different publics: for example, a new highly automated plant may meet the     of creditors and stockholders. However, it will    find resistance from employees who see their jobs threatened. On the other hand, high quality products and service standards should bring almost complete approval, while low quality products and false claims would be widely looked down upon.
A firm’s public image, if it is good, should be   . It is a valuable strength that usually is built up over a long and satisfying relationship of a firm with publics. If a firm has  a quality image, this is not easily imitated by competitors. Such an image may enable a firm to charge higher prices, to win the best distributors and dealers, to attract the best employees, to expect the most favorable creditor relationships and lowest borrowing costs. It should also allow the firm’s stock to    higher price-earnings ratio (比例) than other firms in the same industry with such a good reputation and public image.

Just as the stock market rises and falls in response to what people are willing to put their money behind, we have inside ourselves an inner economy that rises and falls in response to our beliefs about what is possible. Sometimes the degree to which we are willing to      our belief systems determines the success of our inner economy. For example, imagine that your family of origin had a belief that musical talent was not something they      . As a member of that group, you would likely       that same belief about yourself. As a result, even if you had a great desire to create music, you might be       to really get behind yourself. Because you might fear that your       would not pay off. Even if you had the courage to follow your passion, your inner belief that you are not born     would probably stop your trying. And that would be a major       to invest your energy in your dream.
On the other hand, belief isn’t anything      . If you found a way to       that negative belief, a great flood of energy would pour forth, greatly increasing the possibility of your success. How much energy we are willing to invest in the various ideas and dreams is like the money people are, or are not, willing to invest in the various products available for trade on the stock market. And in both cases,       plays a key role in determining how willing we are to get behind something. One way to open up the possibility for greater success in our inner economies is to understand that belief is not the reliable       we sometimes think. There are other more reliable things of success that we can put our       in, such as passion, feeling, and sense. Some of the most successful investors in the stock market are the ones that go against the grain, trusting their sense over the       opinion held by ordinary people about what will work.
In the same way, we can learn to trust our heart’s desires and our sense to guide us,
     any beliefs that stand in the way of our ability to fully invest in ourselves. As we take out energy from limiting ideas about what is possible, we       the resources that have the power to make our inner economy prosper.

A．simplify B．challenge C．eliminate D．maintain

A．possessed B．trusted C．objected D．missed

A．reject B．preserve C．deny D．share

A．willing B．sorry C．reluctant D．ready

A．success B．knowledge C．profession D．investment

A．devoted B．talented C．concerned D．interested

A．obstacle B．excuse C．chance D．principle

A．important B．fixed C．changeable D．stimulating

A．enhance B．reserve C．release D．follow

A．energy B．hobby C．expense D．belief

A．guide B．ability C．goal D．policy

A．aim B．faith C．task D．dream

A．unacceptable B．strange C．unbelievable D．common

A．questioning B．understanding C．interpreting D．believing

A．stick to B．lead to C．free up D．leave out

The vast jungles of the Amazon rainforest are home to tribes (部落) mostly isolated from the outside world, whose way of life, largely unchanged for hundreds of years, is now increasingly threatened by modern civilization.
Now, scientists discover they can monitor these “uncontacted tribes” using satellites, which would allow inexpensive and safe tracking of these tribes in order to protect them from outside threats.
In order to help preserve these uncontacted Indians, researchers need accurate estimates of their populations. One way to collect this data involves flying over their villages, but such over-flights are both expensive and could fill these native peoples with fear. Another strategy involves meeting individuals on the ground, but among other risks, scientists could accidentally spread disease to members of the tribes.
Instead, scientists investigated whether satellite images could monitor uncontacted tribes. The result was inspiring. They confirmed their locations and measured the sizes of their village, houses and gardens. “We can find isolated villages with remote sensing and study them over time.” Walker told Live Science. “We can ask: Are they growing? Do they move?”
Surprisingly, based on the sizes of the houses and villages, the scientists find the population densities of these isolated villages are about 10 times greater, on average, than other villages of native Brazilian peoples. This may be due to the fact that they have to live closer together because they are not as good at clearing the forest, since they lack modern devices like chainsaws and tractors, the researchers said. The tribes may also be afraid of spreading out due to fear of being attacked by outsiders, Walker said.
The researchers now plan to focus on 29 more isolated villages to “look at their ecology— that is, distance from rivers and roads—and use this to model where else we can find more isolated villages,” Walker said.
Scientists don’t want to meet the Indians on the ground due to the fear that ______.

According to the passage, which of the following about the Indian tribes is NOT true?

What can we learn from the last paragraph?

Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?

The Zebra Finch: An Owner’s Guide to a Happy Healthy Pet
The zebra finch, a native of Australia, is a popular domestic pet in the United States. The bird has many attributes (特性) which allow it to be kept at home, though there are also a few negative aspects. The attributes are nest-building, breeding and a lively attitude. The potential negatives are over-breeding and the wildness of the birds.
One of the main attributes of zebra finches is their ability to breed. They are the rabbits of the domestic bird world. Once you have two birds, male and female, you will soon have six, as they breed quite easily and have strong babies, usually four at a time. An added attribute is their ability to build their own nests. You can place branch in their place along with some kind of structure, and they will create a nest on their own. It’s very pleasant to see the ways males and females divide some labors and share others, and the babies grow up quickly. Overall, zebra finches are energetic birds, and they can make every place where they live delightful lives.
On the negative side, they will breed and in-breed. Often, in-breeding does little harm and does not cause genetic defects (缺陷), as happens more often in other species. However, no one can tolerate just any population level. One has to either remove their nests altogether, which basically removes their personal living place, or check for eggs regularly once a week (the gestation period is 13 days, so even a one-week neglect can lead to births). Eggs can be replaced with false plastic eggs, and this prevents females from laying too many. If they do lay too many, they will die from mineral loss.  Since these birds do not tame well, removing eggs can be an unpleasant process of repeatedly invading their personal space.
Overall, it is unfortunate that zebra finches are inexpensive birds due to their high level of breeding. They require considerable care to live happy lives. The best care-takers are true avian fanciers — people who have appropriate space for the nests and enough time to allow them to nest-build and breed without over-breeding.

What is the passage mainly about?

By saying “They are the rabbits of the domestic bird world”, the writer means that both  rabbits and Zebra finches ______.

In paragraph 3, the word “gestation” probably means ______.

According to the passage, attributes of domestic zebra finches include ______.

“Does my smile look big in this?” Future fitting-room mirrors in clothing stores could subtly adjust your reflection to make you look ─ and hence feel ─ happier, encouraging you to like what you see.
That’s the idea behind the Emotion Evoking System developed by Shigeo Yoshida and colleagues at the University of Tokyo in Japan. The system can manipulate, or in other word, control your emotions and personal preferences by presenting you with an image of your own smiling or frowning face.
The principle that physiological changes can drive emotional ones ─ that laughter comes before happiness, rather than the other way around ─ is a well-established idea.
The researchers wanted to see if this idea could be used to build a computer system that manipulates how you feel. The system works by presenting the user with a web-camera image of his or her face ─ as if they were looking in a mirror. The image is then subtly altered with software, turning the corners of the mouth up or down and changing the area around the eyes, so that the person appears to smile or frown (皱眉).
Without telling them the aim of the study, the team recruited (招募) 21 volunteers and asked them to sit in front of the screen while performing an unrelated task. When the task was complete the participants rated how they felt. When the faces on screen appeared to smile, people reported that they felt happier. On the other hand, when the image was given a sad expression, they reported feeling less happy.
Yoshida and his colleagues tested whether manipulating the volunteers’ emotional state would influence their preferences. Each person was given a scarf to wear and again presented with the altered webcam image. The volunteers that saw themselves smiling while wearing the scarf were more likely to report that they liked it, and those that saw themselves not smiling were less likely.
The system could be used to manipulate consumers’ impressions of products, say the researchers. For example, mirrors in clothing-store fitting rooms could be replaced with screens showing altered reflections. They also suggest people may be more likely to find clothes attractive if they see themselves looking happy while trying them on.
“It’s certainly an interesting area,” says Chris Creed at the University of Birmingham, UK. But he notes that using such technology in a shop would be harder than in the lab, because people will use a wide range of expressions. “Attempting to make slight differences to these and ensuring that the reflected image looks believable would be much more challenging,” he says.
Of course, there are also important moral questions surrounding such subtly manipulative technology. “You could argue that if it makes people happy what harm is it doing?” says Creed. “But I can imagine that many people may feel manipulated, uncomfortable and cheated if they found out.”
What’s the main purpose of the Emotion Evoking System?

What can we learn about the web-camera image in the study?

What does Creed mention as a limitation of the technology?

What does Creed’s comment on the moral issues with this technology imply?

When e-mail first came into general use about twenty years ago, there was a lot of talk about the arrival of the paperless office. However, it seems that e-mail has yet to revolutionize office communication. According to communications analyst Richard Metcalf, some offices have actually seen an increase in paper as a result of e-mail. “Information in the form of e-mail messages now floods our computer screens. These messages can be sent so quickly that memos tend to be distributed in the hundreds. For those secretaries whose bosses ask them to print out all their e-mails and leave them in their in-trays, this means using up a great deal of paper every month,” Metcalf says.
Metcalf has found that because some e-mails get lost in cyberspace, important documents are increasingly likely to be asked by clients and colleagues to send all important documents both by e-mail and by fax. This highlights a further potential problem with e-mail in today’s offices ─it is taking up time rather than saving it. “With e-mail, communication is much easier, but there is also more room for misunderstandings,” says psychologist Dr David Lewis. Generally, much less care is taken with e-mails than with letters or faxes and the sender will probably print the document and reread it before putting it in an envelope or sending it by fax.
More worrying is still the increasing misuse of e-mail for sending “flame-mail” ─inappropriate e-mail messages. Recent research in several companies suggests that aggressive communications like this are on the increase. E-mail has become the perfect medium for conveying workplace dissatisfaction because it is so instant.
E-mail can also be a problem in other ways. Staffs all too often make the mistake of thinking that the contents of the e-mail, like things said over the phone, are private and not permanent. But it is not only possible for an employer to read all your e-mails, it is also perfectly legal. E-mail messages can be traced back to their origin for a period of at least two years, so you might want to rethink e-mailing your dissatisfaction about your boss to your friends. The advice is to keep personal e-mails out of the office.
(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 12 WORDS)
The promise of paperless office has not come true in many offices mainly because many  secretaries are asked to _____________.
Why has e-mailing taken up time rather than saved it?
There is an increasing concern that e-mails are misused by some employees to express  _____________.
It is advised that employees should not use company e-mails as a way of ___________.

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
昨晚我很累，没做完作业就睡了。(without)
无论多忙，我们都应该经常花时间与父母说说话。(spend)
学生是否必须穿校服，校方和家长各执一词。(opinion)
虽然这种产品有利环保，但因其价格昂贵，几乎无人问津。(in favor of)
骑车不仅能让我们体格强健，还有助于我们免受日益严重的交通拥堵之苦。(suffer)

假设你校将为学生开设以下课程：野外拓展 (Outward bound training)；口才训练 (Eloquence training)；礼仪培训 (Etiquette training)；职业培训 (Vocational training)。请根据你的自身特点和需求选择其中的一个课程，并简要谈谈你选择这个课程的理由。