课时同步（重大版）高二上英语必修5Unit3-1

根据句意及首字母或汉语提示写出单词的正确形式
I'm worried about washing that shirt in case it ________ (缩水).
Everyone knows our ________ (太阳的)system has eight planets.
The table was too small to ________ (放平)out the map.
Her foot was already starting to ________ (月中)after the injury.
The Qin Dynasty ________ (存在)for a very short period
The well is 10 meters in d ________ .
Antarctica is the c ________ that surrounds the South Pole.
Workers are working as hard as possible to meet the r ________ in demand for new cars.
After a week at sea, it was good to feel the earth b ________ our feet again.
R ________ speaking, these jobs provide good salaries.

用所给短语的适当形式填空

 
These arguments ________ the case for the defence.
The station is too ________ ； you'd better take a taxi there.
Computers ________ our life.
Miss Han, ________ her two sons, speaks Chinese well.
I must get rid of this large table; it ________ too much room.
The girls' shoes ________ mud, so I asked them to take them off before they got into Tom's car.
Since it's not far from here, I ________ walking ________ cycling.
________ their house in London, they also have an apartment in Spain.
________ walk to work is another benefit of the new job.
A big earthquake hit the country on Sunday and killed ________ 600 people.

It is no good always complaining about life. ________ ，we are living.

One-third of the country ________ covered with trees and the majority of the citizens ________ black people.

—Sorry, I got a bad cold yesterday.
—Every time you are absent, you ________ an excuse.

If we ________ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.

After the war, a lot of serious problems ________ and the price of food ________ by 20%.

If we make ________ best of this new equipment, there will be ________ rise in our production this year.

—Will this pair of trousers ________ when washed?
—I'm not sure. I am wearing it for the first time.

Women are ________ an important role in social life.

Time, ________ correctly, is money in the bank.

She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction ________ had taken more than three years.

—Have you paid? What's my share of the bill? —__________. It wasn't very much.

__________ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.

I have heard a lot of good things about you __________ I came back from abroad.

__________ in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children's love of art.

—It rained cats and dogs this morning. I'm glad we took an umbrella.
—Yeah, we would have got wet all over if we __________

I'm sorry I didn't phone you, but I've been very busy __________ the past couple of weeks.

Why should mankind explore space? Why should money, time and effort be spent exploring and researching something with so few apparent benefits? Why should resources be spent on space rather than on conditions and people on Earth? These are questions that, understandably, are very often asked.
Perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup (基因构成)as human beings. What drove our ancestors to move from the trees into the plains, and on into all possible areas and environments? The wider the spread of a species, the better its chance of survival. Perhaps the best reason for exploring space is this genetic tendency to expand wherever possible.
Nearly every successful civilization has explored, because by doing so, any dangers in surrounding areas can be identified and prepared for. Without knowledge, we may be completely destroyed by the danger. With knowledge, we can lessen its effects.
Exploration also allows minerals and other potential (潜在的)resources to be found. Even if we have no immediate need of them, they will perhaps be useful later. Resources may be more than physical possessions. Knowledge or techniques have been acquired through exploration. The techniques may have medical applications which can improve the length or quality of our lives. We have already benefited from other spin-offs including improvements in earthquake prediction, in satellites for weather forecasting and in communications systems. Even non-stick pans and mirrored sunglasses are by-products (副产品)of technological developments in the space industry!
While many resources are spent on what seems a small return, the exploration of space allows creative, brave and intelligent members of our species to focus on what may serve to save us. While space may hold many wonders and explanations of how the universe was formed or how it works, it also holds clangers. The danger exists, but knowledge can help human beings to survive. Without the ability to reach out across space, the chance to save ourselves might not exist.
While Earth is the only planet known to support life, surely the adaptive ability of humans would allow us to live on other planets. It is true that the lifestyle would be different, but human life and cultures have adapted in the past and surely could in the future.
Why does the author mention the questions in Paragraph 1?

What is the reason for exploring space based on Paragraph 2?

The underlined word “spin-offs" in Paragraph 4probably refers to ________ .

What makes it possible for humans to live on other planets?

Everything on Earth that scientists can see, measure or study is made of atoms and atoms are named by what types of elements (元素)they are. You probably know the name of many elements, such as oxygen or hydrogen. In any case, elements are everywhere: You, your -shoes, your desk, cars, water and air are all made of elements.
Now, there's a new kind on the block： copernicium.
This element was officially named on February 19，but the element itself isn't new. German scientists made and observed it in 1996. But in the 14 years since then, other scientists have been working to study and validate (证实)the original findings. Validation is an important part of the scientific process because it shows that a scientific discovery was not a mistake.
All that hard work finally paid off when the element finally received its name, copernicium, from the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. Copernicium is named in honour of Nicolaus Copernicus (哥白尼)，a 16th century Polish scholar who proposed that the earth moves around the sun and that the earth turns on its own axis.
Scientists organize all the elements on a chart called the Periodic Table. Each element gets a symbol and its own number, and copernicium gets the symbol Cn and the number 112. This number means that inside every atom of copernicium are 112 protons (质子). The lightest element hydrogen has only one proton inside each atom. Its 112 protons make copernicium the heaviest known element with a name. It was first observed by Sigurd Hofmann»a scientist in Germany. In 1996, Hofmann and his team had to figure out a way to get all the protons together and stick. They used a machine that can speed up atoms up to 10 percent the speed of light. After a week of working on these high-speed collisions(碰撞)，Hofmann's team found copernicium even though it quickly disappeared.
Now, 14 years after Hofmann's experiment, other scientists are able to make copernicium and validate Hofmann's original work. Scientists are excited about copernicium. If such a super heavy atom can be created, then even heavier elements might be waiting in the future. "One of the exciting things is, how far can we keep going?" says nuclear chemist Paul Karol.
What do we know about copernicium?

Why is copernicium named after Nicolaus Copernicus?

By asking “how far can we keep going?” Karol means ________ .

What is the best title for the passage?

Scientists in the United States say plant life has increased on Earth in the past twenty years and that in every area of plant growth the increase is the result of weather conditions.
Eight scientists from across the United States did the study. The space agency NASA and the Department of Energy paid for it. The findings were published in the magazine Science.
The researchers spent one and a half years examining weather satellite information. The information was recorded from 1982 to 1999. That period was one of the warmest on record. Researchers found that rainfall generally increased during that time.
The satellites measured the number of leaves on plants and the amount of sunlight taken in. The scientists used that information to estimate what is called net primary production. This is the total amount of carbon stored in land plants.
The scientists report a 6% increase in stored carbon since 1982. They say gains were high in equatorial areas, especially around the Amazon River in South America. The area alone had a 1 % increase in the net primary production.
The study was led by Ramakrishna Nemani of the University of Montana in Missoula. He says reduced cloud cover led to the growth in Amazon area. He also says the lack of clouds allowed more sunlight to get through. More sunlight meant increases in photosynthesis(光合作用）. That is the process by which plants use energy from sunlight to produce the chemicals they need to grow.
Northern Canada, the north-central United States and northern Europe were second in increased plant growth. Ramakrishna Nemani says a rise in temperature helped plants there.
All together, the report says 25% of areas of plant life on Earth experienced increases. But the scientists also note the increase in the number of people on Earth and carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere. Ranga Myneni of Boston University in Massachusetts, another study scientist says humans use about half the net primary production on Earth. And he notes that the world population grew by 36% during the period of time studied.
What's the main cause of the plant growth put forward by the study?

Which of the following is in charge of the study?

Why do scientists believe that reduced cloud cover has led to the plant growth in the Amazon area?

Which of the following descriptions about the years from 1982 to 1999 is TRUE?